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Baseline variables
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Fully adjusteda
OR
95% CI
p value
OR
95% CI
p value
OR
95% CI
p value
Sub-cohort 1: Participants without chronic pain at T0 (CPG = 0; N1 = 5693)
Psychological well-being
Severe distress
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
Moderate distress
0.98
0.76–1.27
0.877
1.12
0.84–1.48
0.453
–
–
–
Positive well-being
0.53
0.42–0.67
< 0.001
0.64
0.49–0.84
< 0.001
–
–
–
Life satisfaction
Not satisfied
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
Satisfied
1.01
0.84–1.21
0.925
1.02
0.83–1.24
0.873
–
–
–
Baseline variables
Unadjusted
Adjusted
Fully adjusteda
OR
95% CI
p value
OR
95% CI
p value
OR
95% CI
p value
Sub-cohort 2: Participants with chronic pain at T0 (CPG > 0; N2 = 3668)
Psychological well-being
Severe distress
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
Moderate distress
0.71
0.59–0.85
< 0.001
0.78
0.64–0.96
0.016
0.96
0.78–1.17
0.654
Positive well-being
0.43
0.36–0.51
< 0.001
0.53
0.44–0.65
< 0.001
0.80
0.65-0.98
0.031
Life satisfaction
Not satisfied
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
1 [reference]
Satisfied
0.84
0.72–0.97
0.016
0.89
0.76–1.05
0.155
0.82
0.69–0.96
0.014
Italic values indicate significance of a p value (p < 0.05)
GLZ Generalized Linear Models for ordinal outcomes, T0 baseline, T1 2-year follow-up, CPGs chronic pain grades, OR odds ratio, CI Wald confidence interval, Unadjusted both baseline predictors were simultaneously controlled for, Adjusted corrected for baseline covariates excluding baseline CPGs: age (older adults vs. adults), sex (women vs. men), county of birth (abroad vs. born in Sweden), civil status (married vs. other), employment (unemployment vs. employment), education (university vs. other), household income (> median = high vs. < median = low), multimorbidity (multimorbidity vs. single morbidity), and sleep problems (yes vs. no), Fully adjusted corrected for all adjusted baseline covariates and baseline CPGs from I to IVa The fully adjusted model cannot be applied in the sub-cohort 1 because the baseline CPG = 0
