Table 1 Mean difference in total GHQ-12 score by pain site/location (one-way ANOVA)
From: Psychological predictors of chronic pain in Al Kharj region, Saudi Arabia
| Ordinal general pain variable (8 pain sites) | N | Mean GHQ score | Std. deviation | Std. error |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. No pain | 825 | 11.52 | 5.199 | 0.181 |
| 2. Chest pain | 15 | 13.40 | 4.437 | 1.146 |
| 3. Head pain | 30 | 14.70 | 5.174 | 0.945 |
| 4. Back pain | 46 | 13.41 | 4.983 | 0.735 |
| 5. Abdominal pain | 39 | 12.28 | 4.774 | 0.764 |
| 6. Lower limb pain (thigh/leg/feet) | 28 | 11.75 | 5.254 | 0.993 |
| 7. Upper limb pain (shoulder/arm/elbow/wrist) | 6 | 14.83 | 4.262 | 1.740 |
| 8. Neck pain | 14 | 17.43 | 4.433 | 1.185 |
| Total | 1003 | 11.87 | 5.227 | 0.165 |
| Model | ||||
| Fixed effects | 5.151 | 0.163 | ||
| Random effects | 1.315 | |||